O desempenho de equipes em jogos empresariais: estudo sobre coesão e maturidade de equipes

Abstract

The formation of work teams is a growing fact in the organizational scenery aiming at improving performance and competitiveness through the union of knowledge, experience and creativity. Considering that fact to study the behavior of teams, in relation to social integration and task, called cohesion, and maturity of those on the performance, it is necessary to better manage them. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of cohesion and maturity of the teams in relation to business performance through the use of software simulator business games. The study presents specific objective to the adjustment of cohesive tool of teamwork which is reliable and valid in the area of the American sport to the business and sporting Brazilian setting. The first version of the instrument was applied to a pilot test with 45 participants who demonstrated high internal consistency and a low variation among the 22 issues that comprise the instrument. After the pilot test, the instrument was submitted to a judge to set the version to test and retest. The full study included 173 members from different teams. After the two applications of test and retest the results were tabulated by using the guidelines of Cronbach (2004); the coefficient α (alpha) Cronbach was calculated, which gives an estimate of reliability on the instrument. The coefficient α found for the overall instrument was α = 0.9599 in the test, α = 0.9648 and retest. The results show the internal consistency of the 22 items of team cohesiveness as very high. As for the various types of teams studied in business and sporting Brazilian setting. In the second part of the research aiming at measuring cohesion, maturity and performance, it was carried out a second study involving 78 teams participating in the academic subject of games and / or simulations of eight higher education institutions located in the state of Paraná, using the same simulator business, represented by nine groups composing the sample of 78 teams. The method used was the inductive, nature and classification of the methodology applied as exploratory, quantitative and field study. The average cohesion was high 9.02 on scale from 1 to 11 points and the average maturity was also high 4.22 on a scale of 1 to 5 points, with the result showing that most teams have high cohesion and high maturity. The performances of the teams in the firm games show that 70% of the teams with high cohesion and maturity are classified as high-performance teams because they achieved performance between 70% and 100% yield. Teams classified as real or true obtained intermediate performance with 40.7% in performance between 70% and 100% and the teams that are classified as potential have intermediate maturity only 21.42% achieved the same performance. The study found that teams with greater cohesion and greater maturities have higher odds of high performance.