Modelo e estudo de sobretensões de energização e descarga atmosférica nos padrões compacto e supercompacto urbanos de linhas de distribuição de alta tensão 138 KV

Abstract

The connection of 69 and 138 kV substations located in highly urbanized spaces, such as large cities, requires the construction of power transmission lines that are compatible with this environment, in which physical space is reduced. The most common transmission line arrangements options for this scenario are underground lines and compact overhead lines. The electrical utility Companhia Paranaense de Energia, Copel, currently has more than 500 kilometers of compact overhead high voltage distribution lines, at voltages of 69 and 138 kV, installed in its concession area. This construction arrangement, also called urban transmission lines, was developed by Copel in the late 1970s and allows its construction in reduced physical spaces, such as sidewalks, where transmission lines with conventional arrangements in latticed metal towers would not be adequate. This compact construction arrangement also has lower costs than underground transmission lines, and they present a high safety degree due to the physical characteristics of its components. The aesthetic side of this compact construction arrangement resulted in the high acceptance of these lines by the population and, consequently, have been widely used by this utility. The optimization studies of this construction arrangement resulted in the development of a transmission line with even shorter distances between phases, going from 1.7 meters of the conventional compact urban standard to 1.2 meters, resulting in the supercompact urban transmission line arrangement. This research contributes to the criteria and modeling of both urban arrangements in the ATPDraw program performing a comparative study of the behavior of both arrangemets concerning energization and lightning overvoltages. These have been two of the fundamental aspects for understanding the impact of reducing the distance between phases on the performance of power transmission lines. The reduction of 30% in the phase to phase distance, within the presented parameters, both constructive arrangements will present similar values of overvoltages.