Diagnóstico do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos recicláveis em condomínios verticais de Londrina

Abstract

One of the biggest waste management challenges it’s in the amount generated in urban centers. The publication of the Brazilian Solid Waste Policy, in 2010, it were established responsibilities for the government, companies and the population for waste management, especially regarding selective collection and reverse logistics systems. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the dynamics of solid waste management in vertical condominiums. In a two tower vertical condominium, with 250 residents and 180 apartments occupied, the waste physical characteristics were determined: gravimetric composition, per capita generation and specific mass. A structured questionnaire was applied to residents of the condominium to evaluate their knowledge about municipal selective collection and waste segregation at the source. Another structured questionnaire was applied to the syndics from vertical condominiums in the South region of Londrina, in order to obtain information on waste management in the condominiums and to identify their destiny. Then, an interview was conducted and a structure questionnaire was applied to the Cooper Region, a collector’s cooperative that serves the South region of Londrina, in order to report how the recyclable waste collection has been done in the studied region and to identify this work’s challenges. The waste specific mass and the gravimetric composition presented similar value in comparison to the studies available in the literature; the per capita generation presented lower values than the Brazilian average, 0,41 kg.hab-1.dia-1. The results obtained from the questionnaires applied to residents and syndics shows that informations about municipal public selective collect and guidelines on waste segregation at source needs to be spread. From the reports obtained by the interview and questionnaire applied to the Cooperative, it was observed a decrease on the amount of recyclable waste that reaches the public collection system. It is assumed that this is due to the crisis experienced by the country in recent years, resulting in lower consumption and, consequent waste generation, and also as a result from “informal collector’s” action that explores the studied area, collecting the recyclable waste. It was concluded that the selective collection program existing in Londrina needs to be more publicized, as should occur the inclusion of the "informal collectors" in the municipal selective collection system, with rights and duties. This, possibly, will improve the service provided, as well as in the improvement of the city's environmental quality.