Radiações e telescópios: uma proposta educacional para o ensino e aprendizagem de Física no ensino médio

Abstract

This study presents characteristics and relevant discussions on research conducted at the Postgraduate Program in Scientific, Educational and Technological Formation in Federal University of Technology-Parana- UTFPR-Campus Curitiba / PR. This study consists of elements that permeate the questioning of the teaching of Physics for the 3rd year of high school in public schools in general and in particular the State College Paulina Pacific Borsari, in Curitiba / PR. This research presents teaching strategies to address radiation in high school, with the space telescopes as motivating objects, from the perspective of communicative action by Jürgen Habermas, considering the speech use in explanatory domain in order to achieve student cognitive structure, so that this learner can relate the learned concepts with other domains: objective, social and subjective. By making the relationships in the three mentioned domains, it is expected that the student has been able to establish interrelationships in their cognitive structure between prior knowledge and new concepts. This process involves the assimilation and retention of new knowledge, according to stabilized theoretical models, aiming a meaningful learning, according to Meaningful Learning Theory by David Ausubel and colleagues. Data from this study were constituted by: written records in field diary, made by the researcher; audio recordings of the developed educational activities; conceptual maps made by the teacher and students; questionnaires answered by students. These data were analyzed by means of Content Analysis. Among the results, it can be highlighted some evidence of assimilation of scientific concepts for the expansion of explanatory domain and of establishment of relations between science and technology in reference to objective, social and subjective domains.