Extração e identificação do óleo essencial obtido de folhas e galhos das espécies Pinus taeda e Eucalyptus dunni cultivadas no Sudoeste do Paraná

Abstract

The extraction of essential oils from plants has been widely used in industries of pharmaceutical, cosmetic, environmental, etc. In this context the present study addressed the extraction of essential oil of leaves and branches of pine and Eucalypt. Since the wood from these plants is largely grown in the southwestern region of Paraná for furniture manufacturing, and its leaves are little-used industrially, the extraction of essential oil could constitute a lucrative alternative to the producer. The extractions were performed by hydrodistillation, from a factorial design which allowed the determination of the variables that had greater significance in the essential oil yield obtained. Moreover, it was possible to identify, by comparing mass spectra, over 95% of the compounds present in the samples of essential oil, both pine as eucalypti. The main components (higher concentration), found in the sample of Pinus were the β-phellandrene (30.39%), the tricicleno (26.14%) and β-pinen(22.49%), and the sample of eucalypti, 60.74% of 1.8-cineol or eucalyptol, followed by α-pinene present in an amount of 16.39%.