| dc.description.abstract | This research had for objective to fammiliarize the user of accounting information to an efficient instrument in the modern financial analizes of evaluation of entities: the Statement of Sources and Application of Resources. This statement goes on, till today, to be less used by the financial analists because it is not understood concerning its objectives, concepts of Resources and shares of to build and disclosure the statement. During the period of time between 1980 and 1985 the Brazil's economy spent of a situation of recession to another of prosperity and growth. In the first four years of the historial series, the country had a recession period and it was kept until the end of 1983: the national private company increased its debt degree and decreased its liquidity. After 1984 the economy began to grow and that was pushed by the export entities: the entities decreased its debt degree and increased its liquidity. The Statement of Sources and Uses of Resources has been built and published in United States since the last 50 years of nineteenth century, and it has been known as Statement of Funds. In Brazil it has just introducted after the Security Exchange Law in 1976 that put limits for obrigatority to disclosure by the companies. This law described, summarily, the objective, composition and manner to disclosure. The main objective of the statement is to show the financial position of the entity. This objective envolves aspects relationed to the long-term's strategy of the company because it disclosure the policy of application of resources in long-term assets, the policy of dividends that has been used, and the structure of resources provided by long-term financing, the resources of the operations, and so on. There are several means of Resources. The concept more used in Brazil is Working Capital, till for orientation of the law. Concepts as Cash and Equivalent-Cash and Net Realizable Assets can be more informatives to the users because they show informations with better complexity, including informations concerning to the short-term. Concerning to the building methods, there are three that are known: the Transations Analizing method, the T-Account method and the Work-Sheet method. All of them are efficient, but it's recomendable that the method used can be in accordance with the disclosured format. The statement, despite of others statements, fell the effects of the lose of purchase power of money. Objectiving to reduce this effects, the Securities Exchange Comission (CVM)emitted the Normative Instrution number 64 in 1987, that oriented the companies to publish additionally to the traditional statements, others on price-level basis. After that Instruction, and the Notes complementaries, the modification of Working Capital became a real measure of liquidity. This study consists in a historical study about the behavior of fonancial policy of the national private cornpany, cornrnercial or industrial, between 1980 and 1985. It was obtained and padronized 180 statements, 6 to each one of the 30 companies chose. A lot of entities were throw out because it were incomplete to one or two years of the sequency, or because problems that were found concerning the disclosure. After the data had been obtained (statements) an consolidated vertical analysis was made to the group and to the two halfs of the original group obtained in terms of Total Assets and Equity Owners. | |
