Análisis y modelado de baterías de Ion Litio para vehículos eléctricos

Abstract

The present study analyzes the existing electrical models and identifies the one that best represents the actual behavior of Lithium Ion accumulators for electric vehicles. This document presents a bibliographical study on the typologies and background of electric vehicles. The technologies and the current trend of the electrochemical storage systems that are applied in the accumulators of electric vehicles are reviewed. The main characteristics of lithium ion batteries, their operation, internal processes and the main factors that degrade this type of accumulator are analyzed. The parametrization processes of the equivalent circuits that reproduce the behavior of the accumulator from an electric approach are reviewed.

The study approach include the different equivalent circuits that reproduce the behavior of the accumulator, its main characteristics and its parameterization, to subsequently make the application of a model that characterizes the behavior of an accumulator module of the Kia Soul electric vehicle, owned by the University of Cuenca, and five models of equivalent circuits for two accumulator cells, which have applications in the electric traction. A characterization of the modeled cells for the energy requirements of the Kia Soul vehicle is carried out and also the validation of the modules proposed with the modeled cells is made when making a comparison with the model of the vehicle accumulator bank. Finally, an analysis of the results of the models is made with respect to the experimental data, of which different levels of accuracy are shown