Evaluación auditiva y características audiológicas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en los centros de salud. Cuenca 2018

Abstract

Objective: To determine the auditory levels and characteristics audiological by means of a tonal hearing audiometry in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 of the health centers Cuenca 2018. Methodology: A descriptive-prospective cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample consisted of 161 patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 who came to control in the health centers; who, following the objective of this investigation, previously performed the otoscopy and proceeded to perform the tonal audiometry. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using the IBM-SPSS Version 15 program.

Results: The results obtained were the following: Of the 161 participants evaluated (100%); 66.5% belongs to the female sex and 33.5% to the male, ranging from 48 to 68 or more years of age, with a mean of 61.40. 73.91% of the sample has hearing loss; 54.63% of them had sensorineural hearing loss. 46.9% of people with sensorineural hearing loss presented a bilateral profile with a characteristic hearing loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Conclusions: This study shows that the incidence of hearing loss was significant in the participating group. There is a correlation between age and years of disease evolution; The most frequent hearing loss was the sensorineural hearing l oss that presented a bilateral profile that was characteristic of hearing loss in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The acute frequencies of 4,000 and 8,000 Hz were found to be affected