Factores asociados a las complicaciones agudas de la diabetes en pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de clínica del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2019-2020

Abstract

Background: untreated or inadequately treated diabetic patients develop acute metabolic complications. Identifying the factors associated with the development of these complications would allow establishing effective prevention measures. Objective: to determine the factors associated with the development of acute complications of diabetes in patients of the clinic service of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Methodology: cross-sectional analytical study, approved by the Health Bioethics Committee. The sample calculation was performed with a confidence level of 95% and an absolute precision of 3%, obtaining a sample of 378 patients. The information was obtained through the digital clinical history of the patients, to determine the relationship between associated factors and acute complications, the p-value and the Odds ratio statistic with a 95% confidence interval were used. Results: the prevalence of acute complications of diabetes found was 34.4%. A positive association was established between infections OR 2.82 95% CI (1.74-4.57) p 0.000, absence of instruction OR 3.22 95% CI (1.91-5.40) p 0.000, being an adult young OR 2.22 95% CI (1,21-4,07) p 0.000, and fasting OR 31.27 95 CI % (9.40-104.00) p 0.000), for the development of acute diabetic complications. No relationship was found with sex and place of residence. Conclusion: the prevalence of acute diabetic complications is higher than that reported in international studies. Lack of education, being a young adult, infections, and fasting; were positively correlated for the development of complications.