Evaluación de la seguridad in vitro de los extractos de Oreocallis grandiflora (Lam.) R.Br. y Passiflora manicata (Juss.) Pers., para su potencial aplicación en protectores solares.

Abstract

The current research was aimed to assess the in vitro safety of Oreocallis grandiflora and Passiflora manicata extracts for their potential application in sunscreens. The quality control of the plant drug was carried out by applying gravimetric methods. Phytochemical screening was carried out for qualitative determination of the presence of secondary metabolites. Total phenols and flavonoids were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu methods and complexation with A1C13. The irritant potential of extracts was evaluated by means of the chorioallantoic membrane test of the chicken egg (HET-CAM), where the signs of inflammation were assessed. The trypan blue stain test of the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM-TBS) was also used in order to determine the amount of dye absorbed by the membrane. In order to determine the genotoxic potential, the micronucleus test was used in Vicia faba, where the mitotic index and micronucleus index were evaluated. The results showed an optimal quality of the plant drug. The content of total phenols was 240±10 and 208.33±12.58 mg EAG/g extract and total flavonoids of 259.68±3.97 and 286.29±7.39 EQ/g extract, in P. manicata and O. grandiflora respectively. In the HET-CAM test, there was no evidence of inflammation, so the extracts of the two species were classified as non-irritant. They were also classified as non-irritant in the CAM-TBS trial due to the amount of trypan blue absorbed did not exceed the 0.1 nmol/mg. In the genotoxicity trial, they did not cause inhibition of mitosis or the presence of micronucleus. It is concluded that the extracts P. manicata and O. grandiflora are not genotoxic, and also they do not cause skin irritation, so they are safe to be applied in sunscreens. It is recommended to carry out complementary tests of irritation such as the red blood cell (RBC) test to reinforce the results obtained.