Identificación de alcaloides del bulbo de Eucharis astrophiala

Abstract

The main objective of the research work was to identify the alkaloids that are present in the Eucharis astrophiala bulb, for this, in the first place, the alkaloidal extract of the plant species was obtained using organic solvents and pH changes, once the vegetable sample went through the drying and crushing process. For the identification of the alkaloids, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was used, and once identified, the pharmacological potential of the alkaloids found was determined through bibliography. The alkaloidal extract of Eucharis astrophiala had an extraction yield percentage of 0.918%, which is higher than other Amarylliaceae species; the alkaloids obtained were galantamine, narwedine, hemantamine, 11-hydroxyvitamin / hamaine, liquorine, pseudolichorin and an unknown alkaloid that could be 3-O-methylmacowine. The alkaloid in the highest proportion was liquorine (47.225%), followed by hemantamine (36.910%), galantamine (10.551%), 11-hydroxyvitamin / hamaine (3.027%), pseudolichorin (0.853%), narwedine (0.740) and 3- O-methylmacowin (0.694%). It was bibliographically determined that these alkaloids have activities: inhibitory against cholinesterase enzymes, antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, among others. Finally, it is recommended to carry out a study on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, since in the present investigation alkaloids with inhibitory properties of cholinesterase enzymes such as galantamine and liquorine were found.