Optimización del sistema de tratamiento de lixiviados de la celda emergente de Porlón del Cantón Riobamba.

Abstract

EA study was developed to optimize the leachate treatment system in the emerging cell of Porlón, Riobamba Canton was carried out in three stages. The first was the analysis of the treatment system, its operations, and processes, all of this demonstrated that it does not have a sludge treatment process and primary chemical treatment for solid removal, recirculation of the leachate was carried out also. The second was the physical-chemical and microbiological characterization of the leachate, resulting in the OQD in a range of 12000 - 15000 mg / L; BOD5 in the range of 5000-6000 mg / L; Dissolved solids of 17,000 mg / L and totals of 19,000 mg / L; and turbidity of 450 to 600 NTU. Three different treatments were applied, with the best alternative three: Aeration, coagulation-flocculation, nutrient aeration (Alpha Pobs), phytoremediation and filtration. The results of the treated leachate were: OQD of 1552 mg / L, BOD5 of 540 mg / L, suspended solids of 6 mg / L, and total solids of 8764 mg / L and turbidity of 5.9 NTU. From the results, it was determined that the percentage of OQD removal is 89.78%, BOD5 of 89.2%, total solids of 60.16% and turbidity of 99.01%. The third stage was the final scheme of the proposal, adding operations of biological treatment and chemical removal of solids, before entering the existing aeration stage. In conclusion, the leachate treatment system requires the following designed operations: Aeration lagoon with a volume of 70 m3, chemical dosing system with three reagent storage tanks and injectors, a flocculator with a volume of 1.87 m3, sediment with a capacity of 7.5 m3 and a falling filter. A new study is recommended that employs biological treatments such as anaerobic digestion (bioreactors) or other processes such as separation with membranes (reverse osmosis), to obtain within the limits established in environmental regulations.