Electrorremediación de cadmio y níquel de pasivos ambientales de suelo contaminado por derrames de petróleo.

Abstract

The electroremediation of heavy metals such as cadmium and nickel, from the environmental liabilities of contaminated soil, generated by oil spills in the canton Joya de los Sachas, la Parker sector, consisted of determining the physical-chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the soil; the identification of the optimal potentials for its remediation during 48 hours through electrolytic solutions to immobilize metal ions and the analysis of heavy metal transport phenomena based on the studies of atomic absorption spectroscopyand electron scanning microscopy; which were determinant to define that the electrokinetic processes are more effective in clay soils due to their negative surface charge. For the cadmium of 25.55ppm, allowing a maximum removal efficiency of 93.71%, for nickel a concentration of 37.20ppm reaching an efficiency of 85.12%, allowing compliance with the applicable regulations for hydrocarbon activities. Finally, by means of the electronic scanning microscopy technique, we can observe a modification of the initial elements, which were also displaced by effects of the electric field.