Aplicaciones biomédicas orientadas al diagnóstico y terapia de cáncer usando nanopartículas magnéticas: una breve revisión sobre tratamientos alternativos en la última década

Abstract

The aim of this thesis was to investigate magnetic nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and therapy, as well as the biomedical applications reported in the last decade. The methodology was qualitative/quantitative, the search for information was carried out using databases was carried out using databases such as: Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Springer, Google Scholar, entering the proposed key words. A total of 124 scientific articles were collected and 93 were selected by the inclusion and exclusion method, after which each of them was critically read and organised in Zotero. The data processing and classification of the information based on the indicators proposed for this research were carried out in Excel. Several types of magnetic nanoparticles were determined, such as iron oxides, ferrites and Janus, with excellent properties, but the one that stands out for its superparamagnetic behaviour and ability to magnetise in the presence of an applied magnetic field is the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION), which provides better resolution and contrast of tumour tissue in magnetic resonance imaging, as well as offering alternative treatments such as magnetic hyperthermia, drug delivery and gene therapy with low toxicity and good biocompatibility, leading to improved efficacy and significantly reduced side effects common to conventional treatments. A review article was written covering all the scientific findings of the reviewed articles. It is concluded that, nanoparticle synthesis continues to emerge over the years with new and innovative methods that increasingly improve magnetic properties, biocompatibility and reduce toxicity, making important contributions to oncology and cancer patient's lifestyle. Subscription to high impact scientific databases is recommended.