Implementación de un seguidor solar de un eje para un sistema fotovoltaico de 100 W en el CEAA – ESPOCH.

Abstract

The aim of this work was researching through a solar monitoring system of one degree of freedom in order to get greater energy capture in the meteorological station at the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH). All the variables that influence in the system were studied, as well as the wind speed and the weather changes. An authomatic and electric monitoring mechanism was design by means of sensors, it constantly monitors the light intensity that comes from a photovoltaic panel of 100 watts and 12 volts, it compares voltaje beteween two sensors and sends a signal to the controler for the panel to turna round the sesired position, so the solar radiation falls perpendicular on the panel. Also, it is integrated by an astronomic program and point of light. All the data obtained regarding the variables of voltaje, power, Azimuth angle and elevation angle is stored in a microSD memory card, because this is an authomatic solar tracker, the user through a network cable connection can visualize in a PC all the variables previously mentioned in real time by a graphical interface (HMI). With the information obtained, it was posible to maje a comparative statistics análisis about the efficiency between the fixed positioning system and the authomatic positioning system. As a conclusión through daily statistics análisis, the authomatic positioning system has a deficiency from 4% to 22% in the energy capture in comparison with the fixed positioning system. While the statistics análisis done in hours verified that the authomatic positioning system has a greater efficiency that is in the rango form 9% to 35% of efficiency in the energy caption, these percentages vary depending on the time and the weather changes.