Ubicación óptima georreferenciada de centrales de generación fotovoltaica considerando restricciones de radiación solar y temperatura

Abstract

This document was made to make known how the stationary climatological situations of a certain sector can favor the improvement of the general performance of a photovoltaic system. Since photovoltaic solar energy is based on the generation of electricity through the constant exposure of solar radiation on the surface of the solar panels, it produces large concentrations of heat that directly disconnect the performance of the photovoltaic system and energy production, is for this reason, it has been considered to analyze the influence of the effect of low ambient temperatures of rest distributed throughout the mountainous region of Ecuador, in favor of the photovoltaic system, for which, the georeferenced location of the areas with the presence of low temperature where a photovoltaic system could be located in a way that is better for it and reduces the consequences of heating by the concentration of accumulated surface heat. There are mathematicians employed in the creation of photovoltaic systems, but nevertheless the vast majority are based on models to find the best environmental conditions where maximum solar radiation can be used and how this will affect future energy production is not considered. This work shows the mathematical models that integrate the presence of low temperatures and that, in the author's opinion, should be considered in the study of future photovoltaic projects that can enhance the ideal atmospheric conditions to prolong their useful life and performance. Within the document, the use of georeferenced maps can be observed where the presence of criteria such as population, high solar radiation and cold temperatures could be mainly used in the creation of photovoltaic systems that contribute to the satisfaction of existing energy needs.