| dc.description.abstract | Pollination, the transfer of pollen from anthers to stigmas of flowers, is a key process in the life cycle of angiosperms (Faegri & van der Pijl 1978). Approximately 87.5 % of flowering plants depends on pollinating animals for successful pollination and reproduction (Ollerton & al. 2011). Insects are the main group that has closely coevolved with flowering plants for this purpose (Olesen & al. 2007).Pollination as an ecological process is best studied at the community level with the pollination network analysis (Bascompte & Jordano 2007). Pollination networks are one kind of mutualistic network formed by interactions between all pollinators and plants in a community (Jordano 1987). The network approach is useful for understanding some community phenomena such as interspecific competition (Lara-Romero & al. 2016), facilitation (Feisinger 1987), temporal change (Petanidou & al. 2008), extinction cascades (Elle & al. 2012) and spatiotemporal variation (Petanidou & al. 2008, Freitas & al. 2015).Variation of pollination networks results from changes in the composition of pollinators and plants, or the structure of the network (Cuartas-Hernández & Medel 2015). Temporal changes are caused by changes in the phenology of plants and variation in abundance of pollinator species between seasons (Olesen & al. 2008). The spatial variation of pollination networks is influenced by several factors including: the richness of pollinators and plants, the foraging area of pollinators, the spatial extension of populations of plants and pollinators and the heterogeneity of landscape (García & al. 2009). Although pollination networks are studied as spatiotemporal snapshots, they are dynamic entities (Olesen & al. 2011a).Pollination, the transfer of pollen from anthers to stigmas of flowers, is a key process in the life cycle of angiosperms (Faegri & van der Pijl 1978). Approximately 87.5% of flowering plants depends on pollinating animals for successful pollination and reproduction (Ollerton & al. 2011). Insects are the main group that has closely coevolved with flowering plants for this purpose (Olesen & al. 2007). Pollination as an ecological process is best studied at the community level with the pollination network analysis (Bascompte & Jordano 2007). Pollination networks are one kind of mutualistic network formed by interactions between all pollinators and plants in a community (Jordan 1987). The network approach is useful for understanding some community phenomena such as interspecific competition (Lara-Romero & al. 2016), facilitation (Feisinger 1987), temporal change (Petanidou & al. 2008), extinction cascades (Elle & al. 2012) and spatio variationtemporal (Petanidou & al. 2008, Freitas & al. 2015). Variation of pollination networks results from changes in the composition of pollinators and plants, or the structure of the network (Cuartas-Hernández & Medel 2015). Temporary changes are caused by changes in the phenology of plants and variation in abundance of pollinator species between seasons (Olesen & al. 2008). The spatial variation of pollination networks is influenced by several factors including: the richness of pollinators and plants, the foraging area of pollinators, the spatial extension of populations of plants and pollinators and the heterogeneity of landscape (García & al. 2009). Although pollination networks are studied as spatiotemporal snapshots, they are dynamic entities (Olesen & al. 2011a).(Traducción Automática) | |
