A resolução de problemas aplicada à modelagem de áreas e volumes dos poliedros de Platão

Abstract

This work aims to show the importance of using the heuristic method or Polya method as an e ective methodology in mathematics education. This will be applied in the construction of mathematical models able to calculate the area and volume of the ve regular convex polyhedra. The historical context of the content to be applied in the classroom is crucial for the student to understand mathematical relationships to be built. So, we tried to make a brief comment about the history of polyhedra, highlighting some relevant de nitions and theorems in the study of these solids. However, the main focus of this work is the method of problem solving or heuristic method and its contribution to the teaching of mathematics, highlighting the peculiarity of its stages. This methodology will be analyzed in various activities in order to show how the teacher should develop them under this algorithm. The aim is also to make a brief approach about modeling in mathematics and its importance in the construction of mathematical concepts. In addition to showing the results and analysis using the heuristic method in certain problems posed to students of the 3rd year of high school, which show the relevance of this method as favorable approach to solving mathematical problems.