O licenciamento ambiental de imóveis rurais no estado de Mato Grosso como instrumento de controle do desmatamento e de combate às mudanças climáticas

Abstract

The state of Mato Grosso, according to the Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Fires and Deforestation in Mato Grosso (PPCDQ / MT 2009) is responsible for over 30% of all deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon registered. Thus, given the high rates of deforestation in Mato Grosso noted that the example of the years 2004 and 2005, the total came 3,414,874.17 hectares deforested, the State Government over the years has sought to improve the environmental licensing especially with regard to forestry activities undertaken in rural real estate. In the years 2000/2001, we implemented the Environmental Licensing System Properties Rural-SLAPR, being composed of the tripod: Environmental Licensing, Monitoring and Surveillance, having as main objective the monitoring of areas of legal reserve and permanent preservation as well as identification and reduction of illegal logging. In 2006-2007 was implemented the Integrated Monitoring and Environmental Permitting-SIMLAM, which is the set of methodologies and tools that aim to assist the management of the environment of the state, allowing for greater integration between databases licensing, monitoring , oversight and accountability. In 2008 he created the MT-Legal Program by Complementary Law No. 343 dated 24/12/08, which aims to regulate the environmental liabilities of rural properties or possessions of the State of Mato Grosso and expand the number of properties entered into the Licensing System for Rural Properties. Recently, with the publication of Law No. 12.651/12 which established the Forest Code in force, the environmental licensing of rural properties has been reformulated to meet the new guidelines introduced by this standard. Thus, this work comes from the approach of the principiológicos and general environmental licensing, for a more specific environmental licensing of rural properties in the State of Mato Grosso, analyzing their origin and evolution, its stages and procedures, legal aspects finally showing its importance in controlling deforestation and combat climate change, since a large part of Brazil's emissions of greenhouse gases-GHG effects, according to the national inventory of GHG emissions is resulting from the practice of deforestation for which Mato Grosso has contributed significantly.