Hipertensão arterial e fatores associados na população idosa residente em municípios sob influência da BR 163 – Mato Grosso

Abstract

Changes of aging make the individual more prone to developing hypertension, which is the main chronic disease in this population. It is estimated that in Brazil more than 60% of the elderly are hypertensive, a major cause of mortality and reduced quality and life expectancy in this age group. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hypertension and associated factors in the elderly population living in municipalities affected by the BR 163. Method: This was a cross-sectional, population-based, with 312 belonging to elderly households in urban counties of influence of the BR 163, in Mato Grosso, conducted in 2007 through a household survey. Data were collected on sociodemographic, anthropometric data on lifestyle and blood pressure. Blood pressure was assessed three times, being considered for analysis the mean of the last two measurements. For classification of the body mass index and waist circumference was, the World Health Organization standard was utilized. Were considered hypertensive who had blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg and / or those who referred using antihypertensive drugs. The associations between hypertension and explanatory variables were assessed by means of the Poisson regression analysis. Results: Females constituted 55.3% of the studied population. The mean age of participants was 67.7 ± 6, 4 years old. The prevalence of hypertension was 67.4% (95% CI: 61.8 - 73.0), for males was 68.0% (CI 95%: 57.9 - 78.2) and females 66.9% (CI 95%: 57.7 - 76.1). The variables that were associated with hypertension in males were marital status (p = 0.012), and body mass index (p = 0.025). In females, were age (p = 0.026), smoking (p = 0.030) and body mass index (p = 0.034). Among elderly, found that 78.3% were aware of their condition, 97,9% of those undergoing treatment. But among those who were treated only 43.7% had their blood pressure controlled. Only 30% of elderly hypertensive patients treated with education less than a year of study had their blood pressure controlled. Conclusion: Hypertension was independently associated with maritalstatus and body mass index among males. Among females, the variables the demonstrated associated with hypertension were age, smoking and body mass index. There were a low percentage of elderly patients with controlled blood pressure.