Os mecanismos enunciativos de pessoa-espaço-tempo no texto biografia na perspectiva da teoria das operações enunciativas (TOE)

Abstract

The present research work is based on the articulation between linguistics and the teaching-learning of languages and is based on the enunciative reflections, especially in the framework of the Theory of Enunciative Operations (TOE) proposed by the French researcher Antoine Culioli (1990) who understands that Linguistics has as object of study "the activity of language apprehended through the diversity of natural languages", that is, the linguist's task is to study the functioning of language as a significant activity of representation, or rather, as a production activity and recognition of linguistic forms. The analysis we propose, is based on the observation of linguistic occurrences present in texts of elementary school students, which are characterized by presenting enunciative mechanisms displaced in relation to the genre in question. These displacements may or may not compromise the text to a greater or lesser degree, and this question becomes a problem to be considered in the teaching-learning of language, regarding textual production, and respect for the characteristic marks of the enunciative instance established in a given discursive genre. Although many developments occur in this reflection, our research is limited to the identification of these cases of enunciative displacements and the confirmation that the game between stability and linguistic plasticity can constitute an indication for the work to be developed in the textual production exercise . As Franckel (1989) explains, one of the essential properties of language is to carry the traces of the operations that constitute it. In this way, the organization of the markers allows to reconstruct the chain of operations (of enunciative location, predication and determination, modalization, aspectuality, etc.) that are the origin of texts. The markers refer to operations rather than to stable values, that is, operations have a purely theoretical status, in that they are a representation of the agency of markers, which in turn, are the hallmark of mental operations performed in the situation of enunciation by enunciating subjects (origin enunciator and co-enunciator). Our corpus of research is composed by the written production of texts of students that are characterized by the text Biography. Regarding the analysis of the corpus, considering that the student produced the text Biography from the dialogue with the text Interview, we could observe that the text presented seeks to configure itself in a Biography, but, there are problems in relation to what is expected in fact of a biographical text. In addition, the student recognizes the enunciative games established between the two texts and reproduces them, although part of these games is recovered by the direct speech of the interviewee.