Correlação da condição socioeconômica, controle clínico e função pulmonar na asma, infanto-juvenil

Abstract

Introduction: Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways resulting from bronchial hyperresponsiveness to direct or indirect stimuli. The level of asthma control can be influenced by the interaction between factors such as the environment in which one lives and psychosocial factors. Objective: to evaluate the impact of socioeconomic status on the clinical control of asthma in children and adolescents. Methods: Observational, analytical, cross-sectional study where 55 children and adolescents aged 4 to 18 years were evaluated. The clinical control of asthma was assessed using the Childhood Asthma Control Test (c-ACT) and Asthma Control Test (ACT) instruments, respectively. The socioeconomic status was evaluated with the questionnaire of economic classification criteria proposed by the Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa (ABEP) and pulmonary function through spirometry. Results: The clinical control of asthma was associated with socioeconomic status in adolescents living in low (r = 0.70, p = 0.01) or medium (r = 0.82, p = 0.02) socioeconomic status respectively. The lung function of the children and adolescents evaluated was associated with the medium (r = 0.51, p = 0.01) and low (r = 0.50, p = 0.03) socioeconomic status and, finally, better asthma control was observed among participants whose parents had a higher educational level (p <0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the control of asthma in children and adolescents may be associated with the socioeconomic status in which they live and the level of schooling of their parents.