Estudo térmico e termocatalítico do óleo de Licuri (Syagrus coronata) utilizando AlSBA-15 para a obtenção de bioenergia

Abstract

With an increasing demand for liquid fuels, it is important to research and develop environmentally friendly alternatives. The aviation industry requires a type of fuel that requires specific properties, where alternatives, such as aviation biofuel, must be compatible with existing engines. Biofuel can be synthesized in a number of ways, including thermal conversion and thermo-catalytic conversion. Thus, this paper aims to obtain aviation biofuel from Licuri oil by catalytic conversion in the presence of a mesoporous catalyst. Therefore, the synthesis and characterization of AlSBA-15, as well as impregnation of the catalyst with Nickel (Ni) in percentages of 1%, 5% and 10% by mass were studied. The catalysts were characterized by thermal analysis TG / DTG, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy (FTIR), Nitrogen Adsorption (BET) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM / EDS). The catalysts showed XRD reflections consistent with the hexagonal P6mm structure of the AlSBA-15, demonstrating that the molecular sieve remained structured even with the impregnation of the metals. As well as the adsorption and desorption analysis of nitrogen showed type IV isotherms consistent with mesoporous materials, also showing the nickel impregnation did not deform the mesoporous formation. The FTIR analysis showed the calcination was able to remove the direct agent and the metal impregnation did not alter the characteristic bonds of the mesoporous material. The thermal and thermo-catalytic conversion of the licuri oil were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis. The kinetic study was performed using the OFW and KAS model, in which a significant activation energy decrease in the presence of the catalyst with nickel, between 63 and 80 KJ / mol, was observed in comparison with thermal conversion of the oil, in average 110 KJ / mol.