Impermeabilizantes na construção civil: uma análise comparativa e multimetodológica

Abstract

Water presents itself as an extremely important natural resource for construction; its action, however, can also be deleterious to human creations. The fluidity with which it travels through the structures can cause from simple pathologies, such as a wall with peeling paint, to more complex problems such as irreparable structural damage. Therefore, it became necessary to develop techniques, methods and products aimed at preventing these and many other adversities, since waiting to fix it ended up becoming much more expensive and laborious. Under this context that waterproofing was developed, becoming one of the extremely important stages in construction. Rigid, flexible, cementitious, asphaltic, polymeric waterproofing agents, among others, can be found on the market according to their strengths and indications. This article seeks to present and compare the action of four waterproofing agents -two polymeric mortars and two asphalt emulsions-, made from the execution of tests present in the standards NBR 15259/2005, NBR 9778/2009, and NBR 13279/2005. As results obtained, there is evidence of greater efficiency against water absorption in a waterproofed sample than in a reference sample, without the use of any waterproofing product. In addition, it was possible to observe the influence of waterproofing products on the strength of these samples from data, which can be taken as a basis for future academic research.