Caracterização das habilidades auditivas de crianças nascidas prematuras: um estudo longitudinal

Abstract

Introduction: Prematurity is a factor that increases the risk of survival, hearing, language and cognitive alterations, so that preterm births require auditory monitoring. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the hearing through the hearing abilities during the process of monitoring the premature and to identify the risk of alterations in the auditory processing, considering the degree of prematurity. Objectives: To characterize the auditory abilities of children born prematurely. Method: This is an observational, longitudinal cut and descriptive profile, with the sample of five children born prematurely aged between 6 and 23 months in the first evaluation and 12 and 36 months in the second evaluation. Anamnesis was performed with the mother and in the children, screening, behavioral observation audiometry (BOA), cochlear-eyelid reflex (RCP), and a minimum level of frequency response from visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) and pediatric audiometer (PA5). Results: It was observed that two children were adequate in the first evaluation and three were developmentally delayed. In the second evaluation, two remained adequate, one remained delayed and two entered into normality. Conclusion: It is necessary the audiological monitoring of children who were born premature, since the level of evolution is individual and sometimes does not follow the standard of normality.