O Cripto-1 é um potencial biomarcador para o diagnóstico diferencial dos tumores ósseos benignos e malignos dos maxilares

Abstract

Fibro-osseous lesions of maxilar (FOLM) is a non-specific designation for a group of disorders characterized, morphologically, by replacement of bone tissue by a matrix of fibrous connective tissue, showing neoformation of bone tissue with varying degrees of mineralization. Precise diagnosis of FOLM is not easy, and requires careful analyisis of clinical, radiological and histological aspects. Even so, some cases still challenge accuracy in diagnosis. Considering the diversity of biological behaviour of the lesions and the research regarding identification of potential molecular markers, this study aims to perform immunohistochemical analysis of crypto-1 and β-catenin in a series of cases diagnosed microscopically as fibrous dysplasia (FD) (n=30), central ossifying fibroma (COF) (n=28) and osteossarcoma (OS) (n=5), stored in archives of Oral Pathological Anatomy Service of a Brazilian population. Immunohistochemical expressions were analysed by imunorreactive score. All data obtained was inserted into a file of Microsoft Excel® software (Microsoft Corporation, USA) and then transferred to a database of SPSS® for Windows software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences; IBM, USA), version 20.0. For all statistical tests used, the significance level established was p ≤ 0.05. CR-1 showed a predominant pattern of strong positive in COF and OS cases, and a moderate positive in FD cases (p<0,001). β-catenin showed a predominant negative pattern for COF and FD cases, and a predominant strong positive pattern for OS cases (p=0,001). Spearman correlation tests showed positive correlation of the imunoreative scores of CR-1 and β-catenin. Those results suggests CR-1 could be involved in the pathogenesis of COF and OS, and this protein could be used as a potential molecular biomarker for diferential diagnosis of FOLM.