Cienciometria, etnobotânica e modelagem de nicho de Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A.C.Sm.

Abstract

Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A.C.Sm . (Fabaceae) Amburana cearensis is a native species of the semiarid region, popularly known as amburana de cheiro, cumaru or imburana northeastern decheiro. It has considerable economic, medicinal and social importance. It currently has populations threatened with extinction as a result of predatory extractivism . In this way, this study aimed to perform a scientometric analysis, conducting an ethnobotanical study on A. cearensis ; and indicate, through ecological niche modeling, suitable geographic areas for their development in different climate change scenarios. For this purpose, articles were searched in the main databases; the interview technique was used to recognize the biological identity of the species, considering the indication of use coming from traditional knowledge; the maximum entropy algorithm (Maxen t) was used in the niche modeling for the optimistic (RCP2.6) and pessimistic (RCP8.5) present and future periods, testing two models of general circulation of the atmosphere (GISSmedicinal ESR and CCSM4). It was possible to obtain results regarding the properties of the species, with a total of 68 articles being identified between the years 2005 and 2020. There was a significant increase in the number of publications during the period evaluated. In addition, it is recorded that the species has been widel y used in traditional medicine, which has driven new studies, especially experimental ones focused on unraveling the pharmacological potentials. The data generated from the ethnobotanical interviews allowed a better understanding of the therapeutic charact eristics of A. cearensis . Thus, it is noted that traditional knowledge is indispensable for the development of new scientific proposals. The potential distribution models tested for future climate scenarios (optimistic and pessimistic), centered on 2070, s howed that areas of suitability of the present will be maintained in the future. It can also be seen, through the models, that there will be an expansion in the areas of suitability in the states of Ceará and Bahia. Therefore, the data presented in the suc cessive stages of the research provide subsidies to define strategies aimed at the conservation and sustainable management of the species.