Triagem fitoquímica e ação antibacteriana de Spondias mombin L. sobre bactérias bucais planctônicas

Abstract

Due to the high prevalence of oral diseases and the considerable therapeutic potential of vegetable raw materials, and based on the fact that Brazil is a country of great ethnobotanic variety, the present study sought to phytochemically analyze plant material, as well as determine the antibacterial action of the extract of Spondias mombin L. (caja) on oral planktonic bacteria. To achieve this, phytochemical screening of the plant material was performed, along with the determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Adherence (MICA) of Spondias mombin L. extract (caja) against S. mutans and S. oralis, and the bactericidal kinetic extract on S. mutans. It was found that the extract inhibited bacterial growth at all the MICs tested, and prevented the adhesion of the microorganisms to the glass wall at a concentration of 1:512 of the extract. As such it was more effective in these two tests than 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate. It was also found that crude extract of Spondias mombin L. exhibited antibacterial action after two hours of contact with S. mutans, while the extract in its minimum inhibitory concentration displayed a bactericidal effect after four hours of contact time with S. mutans. Thus, it is concluded that: the Spondias mombin L. extract is shown quite promising as a bactericide against Streptococcus mutans and S. oralis compared to chlorhexidine digluconate.