masterThesis
Síntese, caracterização e aplicação de LaSBA-15 e como catalisador para obtenção de biodiesel de soja via rota etílica
Fecha
2011-07-04Registro en:
ARAÚJO, Larissa Cicianny Luz Ferreira de. Síntese, caracterização e aplicação de LaSBA-15 e como catalisador para obtenção de biodiesel de soja via rota etílica. 2011. 109 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Ciência e Engenharia de Petróleo) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2011.
Autor
Araújo, Larissa Cicianny Luz Ferreira de
Resumen
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel, renewable, biodegradable and nontoxic. The
transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fat with alcohol is most common form of
production of this fuel. The procedure for production of biodiesel occurs most commonly
through the transesterification reaction in which catalysts are used to accelerate and increase
their income and may be basic, acid or enzyme. The use of homogeneous catalysis requires
specific conditions and purification steps of the reaction products (alkyl ester and glycerol)
and removal of the catalyst at the end of the reaction. As an alternative to improve the yield of
the transesterification reaction, minimize the cost of production is that many studies are being
conducted with the application of heterogeneous catalysis. The use of nano-structured
materials as catalysts in the production of biodiesel is a biofuel alternative for a similar to
mineral diesel. Although slower, can esterify transesterified triglycerides and free fatty acids
and suffer little influence of water, which may be present in the raw material. This study
aimed at the synthesis, characterization and application of nano-structured materials as
catalysts in the transesterification reaction of soybean oil to produce biodiesel by ethylic
route. The type material containing SBA-15 mesoporous lanthanum embedded within rightly
Si / La = 50 was used catalyst. Solid samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,
thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption and desorption. For
the transesterification process, we used a molar ratio of 20:1 alcohol and oil with 0.250 g of
catalyst at 60°C and times of 6 hours of reaction. It was determined the content of ethyl esters
by H-NMR analysis and gas chromatography. It was found that the variable of conversion
obtained was 80%, showing a good catalytic activity LaSBA-15 in the transesterification of
vegetable oils via ethylic route