Teorias de enfermagem em unidade de terapia intensiva: Uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

Objective: to map the use of nursing theories in the care of critically ill patients and describe the benefits achieved in practice, including the theories used in care and their implementation in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Method: this is a scope review, carried out in three stages. In the first stage, the following data sources were included: SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, PUBMED, CINAHL, SciELO and BVS. The second stage was carried out in Google Scholar and the third through a reverse search in the parallel list of references. The sample consisted of 36 studies. Results: There was evidence of a wide distribution of nursing theories, the most common being the theory of basic human needs and the theory of adaptation. It was observed the implementation of theories within the ICU, involving institutional, professional and humanistic aspects, allowing the knowledge and relevance of how these have contributed with benefits in patient care. Conclusion: The contributions and benefits that nursing theories focused on health care can take in the ICU have become notorious, providing breadth and perspectives for care that is inherent in institutional, managerial and humanistic models.