Desenvolvimento de novos materiais a base de argilas pilarizadas contendo níquel e alumínio

Abstract

Three bentonite clays from deposits located in Brazil were used to study the pillar parameters such as the use of heating in the synthesis of the pillar agent; it was verified the feasibility of controlling the density of pillars by diluting the aluminum pillarizing agent and repilarization of a pillarized clay. The synthesis of pillared clays using nickel as the pillar-forming metal was also studied, as well as the impregnation of nickel in pillared clays, aiming at the future application of these materials. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and nitrogen sorption at 77 K. It was observed through the study of the temperature decrease that it is possible to obtain a pillared material without using heat during the preparation of the pillarizing agent (obtaining a basal spacing of 1.7 nm and a specific area of 226 m2 /g), as well as obtaining pillar samples with 25 % and 50 % of the amount of aluminum pillar agent commonly used (obtaining a spacing of 1.62 and 1, 65 nm respectively), proving that it is possible introduce new pillars in a pillared material. It was observed that during the synthesis studies of a nickel pillared, the best result was obtained through the preparation of a mixed Al / Ni column (1.75 nm spacing), also the impregnation of nickel in pillared materials was found successful.