masterThesis
A alternância entre o pretérito perfecto simple (PPS) e o pretérito perfecto compuesto (PPC) em Monterrey e Ciudad de México: uma análise sociolinguística
Fecha
2018-01-31Registro en:
ALVES, Maraisa Damiana Soares. A alternância entre o pretérito perfecto simple (PPS) e o pretérito perfecto compuesto (PPC) em Monterrey e Ciudad de México: uma análise sociolinguística. 2018. 109f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Estudos da Linguagem) - Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2018.
Autor
Alves, Maraisa Damiana Soares
Resumen
The multiple ways of saying the same thing are present in the different languages and it
is an attribution of Sociolinguistics to conceive this inherent characteristic of the linguistic
system. Taking into account this reality, the studies of Variation and Linguistic Change
reflect the heterogeneity of the language that underlies the social conditioning factors
perceived in the different varieties of a language (WEINREICH; LABOV; HERZOG,
2006 [1968]). In this study, we are interested in investigating these diverse forms of
speech that, from their own delimitations, shape the linguistic communities establishing
their norms. Based on these precepts, this research, of quantitative and qualitative nature,
has as general objective to describe and analyze the dependent variable past perfect form
of the Spanish, through the compound past perfect variants (CPP) and the simple past
perfect (SPP) in order to identify the alternation between these forms in two dialects of
Mexico, in Monterrey City and in Ciudad de México. For this reason, 36 sociolinguistic
interviews were selected, 18 of each city being based on the linguistic corpus PRESEEA
– Proyecto para el estudio sociolinguístico del español de España y de América. In order
to reach this goal, we started from the conceptualization of the past forms, as well as the
possible time-aspectual differentiation that may exist between the CPP and SPP, as
pointed out by Cartagena (1999), Lope Blanch (1992) and Moreno de Alba (2002). Then,
there were considered the linguistic and extralinguistic conditioning factors. As linguistic
factors, we had: a) the presence and/or absence of adverbs that indicate anteriority to the
zero point of the enunciation; b) the presence and/or absence of adverbs that indicate
simultaneity at the time of enunciation; the extralinguistic conditioners are: c) age; d)
schooling; e) locality and f) sex. The results obtained in the analysis of the 3644
occurrences of the past forms (in which 3174 were events marked with SPP, while 470
with CPP) pointed to a predominance of SPP, including the presence of ADVs that
establishes the speaker's current link to the enunciative moment, revealing a variation of
the form ADVs + CPP replaced by the form ADVs + SPP; thus, the temporality related
to the zero point of the enunciation, which should refer to the prototypical CPP form, was
expressed by the use of SPP, demonstrating how the variation is evident in the examined
interviews. In addition, data pointed to the need for a future classificatory study of forms
under the lexical-semantic perspective, with the purpose of defining whether the variation
occurs by the temporality established in the enunciative contexts or by the verbal
aspectuality expressed by the events.