Governança educacional: uma análise sob a ótica do modelo GAF

Abstract

In view of the difficulties faced by public schools, this work carried out the analysis of the level of educational governance of the School State Djalma Marinho - EEDM, based on the Governance Analytical Framework (GAF) model. To achieve the objective of this study, the case study was adopted as a methodology, having as data collection technique the semistructured interview with the educational managers of the educational network, identifying within the institution the five dimensions of the GAF model: problems, actors, social norms, decision spaces and work flows. In addition, it sought to present and identify Index Development Education Basic (Ideb) of the EEDM, the which was confronted with the Ideb of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. From this confrontation it was possible to detect the level of the education network analyzed in relation to the state level. Among the main results of this study, there is a gradual improvement in the Ideb of the analyzed educational institution, demonstrating a favorable level of educational governance in the EEDM, since, in the school environment, there is the verification of educational problems, identification of the actors involved, establishment of social norms, delimitation of decision spaces and, mainly, the existence of work flows aiming at solving the problems present in the educational institution. Thus, it can be inferred that the improvement of the Ideb was a consequence of actions adopted within the school context, actions that were identified through the analysis of the five dimensions of the GAF model. The research verified the identification of the educational problems of the educational network and that, there are indications that the main problems of the institution come from the financial nature. As for the educational actors, it was found, the parties impacted and interested in solving the problem, as well as the partial existence of State and Municipal Councils of Education. In relation to social norms, the existence of Complementary Law nº 585, which addresses the constitution and composition of the school council, and the competences due were detected. Regarding decision spaces, there is no effective participation of the school community in the physical spaces, however, regarding virtual spaces, the educational institution stands out for presenting channels in social networks that help in the interaction of the school community and, consequently, in the decision process. Regarding the organizational processes for solving the problems in force, in most cases, there is some kind of work flow, and there is commitment on the part of the educational actors so that the institution's problems are alleviated and/or solved. In short, as a final conclusion, the improvement in the EEDM's Ideb was evidenced, which is a consequence of the efficiency and effectiveness of the educational governance level of the educational institution under analysis, proven through the analysis of the GAF model.