bachelorThesis
Extração e uso da fração lipídica de resíduo de pó de café: alternativa sustentável e de baixo custo para a produção de biodiesel
Fecha
2019-11-14Registro en:
SANTOS, Fabíola Beserra dos. Extração e uso da fração lipídica de resíduo de pó de café: alternativa sustentável e de baixo custo para a produção de biodiesel. 2019. 33 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental) - Centro de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2019.
Autor
Santos, Fabíola Beserra dos
Resumen
The production of fuels from alternative renewable sources such as biomass and agroindustrial waste received great prominence in the contribution from the perspective of reducing the release of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. Biodiesel is a biodegradable, renewable, carbon-cycle energy resource with fatty esters that can be obtained from different oil sources, including vegetable oils and animal fats. One way to obtain esters of the residual matter is by using coffee powder, which contains a considerable oil content, whose chemical composition is of great importance due to the relationship between saturated and unsaturated contents. Brazil is the largest coffee producer in the world, serving 36% of all coffee produced worldwide, and the Brazilian has consumption six times higher than the global average. Coffee sludge (residual dust) has considerable amounts of lipid material and has been described in the literature as having great potential for biodiesel production. The present work evaluated the chemical extraction process of oil from residual coffee powder in söxhlet extractor employing hexane as solvent. The oil content found in triplicate in the samples was approximately 15.5%.The extracted (crude) oil was characterized by its physicochemical properties and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which revealed its potential to be used as a raw material for biodiesel production. To obtain the fatty acid methyl esters, a pre-transesterification was performed, consisting of degumming and neutralization of the samples and, respectively, the synthesis by methyl route in basic medium. Finally, the lubricity was evaluated through the High Frequency Reciprocating Test Rig (HFRR), thermogravimetric analysis and acidity index. Although the acidity index did not present itself accordingly, coffee grounds proved to be a high potential and low cost raw material for obtaining a biofuel.