masterThesis
O olhar das instituições de previdência sobre a casa e a cidade: promoção, financiamento e avaliação de imóveis
Fecha
2015-10-16Registro en:
LIMA, Luiza Maria Medeiros de. O olhar das instituições de previdência sobre a casa e a cidade: promoção, financiamento e avaliação de imóveis. 2015. 190f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Arquitetura e Urbanismo) - Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2015.
Autor
Lima, Luiza Maria Medeiros de
Resumen
The investments of Caixas and Institutos de Aposentadoria e Pensões (CAP and IAP) in homes of
Natal, between the decades of 1930-60, helped to boost up the local real estate market in consolidation
at the time. Inserted in the first national policy on social housing in the country, these operations have
demanded the creation of a wide qualified organizational structure, which would be from the "Central
Offices" of Rio de Janeiro to the decentralized units of the federal states. The professionals linked to
the Local Agencies have developed, on this matter, from activities related to the design and
construction of residential complexes, to the daily study of financing proposals in isolated units. As
from these studies, the evaluation of shelters was essential to the effectiveness of the policy, resulting
in the production of data on the market value of the properties by observing and issuing judgments
upon the living quarters of different social groups. Given these considerations, the aim here is to
contribute to the understanding on how to operate these real estate actions in the legitimization of
boundaries about the urban space and dwellings available to workers in Natal. Therefore, the views of
the city and constructions expressed by the evaluating engineers in their technical reports have been
taken as the focus. Being the main primary sources of work, these reports are part of the edifices
process of CAP/IAP regarding Natal, whose content is systematized in the database "Enterprises", the
HCUrb Research Group. In addition, there were used local newspapers at the time and interviews with
professionals as complementary sources. It was found that, in general, the evaluations have configured
– in a more everyday dimension of bureaucratic routines - a vehicle, among others, circulating ideas
about "home" within the social security institutions, being imbued with assumptions historically
constructed about the "modern habitat". Filled in loco, the reports expose the clash between
modernizing ideals in vogue and clear limitations in the city scenario at the time. Fragmented images
of the town are given to read through the labels assigned to the evaluated sites – these being coated of
certain "scientific" character - which both legitimated and contributed to the dynamics of
appreciation/depreciation of the soil and to the socio-spatial differentiation. Contradictions were
evident in the endorsement given by the technicians when financing of admittedly precarious homes
for insured disadvantaged categories at the local level - such as industrial workers - while strict
regulations were imposed to new construction, designed, above all, to better paid categories. By
identifying raters engineers as urban agents, members of a technical-focused operating system for
safety and efficiency in the real estate investments of those authorities corporatist, it is desired the
usefulness of further studies on these characters, their training, professional activity and participation
in the construction of discourses and practices of intervention about the city and its buildings,
discussing individual and grouped interests that were left behind.