Entre o direito e a negação à moradia: análises das políticas públicas de moradia social em Caicó

Abstract

This study focuses on public policies for the construction of social housing in Caicó – RN, with regard it as their contributions to the realization of the rights to the adequate housing and to the city and the socio-spatial dynamics of that city. Thus, the general objective is to understand such public policies in terms of their contributions to the realization of these rights, especially of vulnerable groups. Therefore, we analyze such state actions regarding their influence on the socio-spatial dynamics of this city, as well as their consequences on social inequalities expressed by the occupation of inadequate housing. Thus, a bibliographical research was carried out on public housing policies in Brazil, urban planning, the production of urban space, the rights to the city and adequate housing, social inequalities and socio-spatial segregation caused by state actions and trade. As for the local reality, it was reflected on public policies for the construction of social housing and those that had repercussions on housing implemented in Caicó between 1966 and 2021 - 1966 being marked by the design of the first housing complex. It also considered the production of urban space in Caicó from the spatialization of these state actions and their contributions to the socio-spatial dynamics. Therefore, documentary and field research was carried out on the housing and social aspects of these state actions, paying attention to the support given to the target audience and the alignment with other policies. These analyzes showed that vulnerable groups, targets of these public policies for the construction of social housing, were commonly installed on the margins of the urban space of Caicó, occupying dwellings with inadequate infrastructure. Thus, these state actions did not guarantee the right to the city and adequate housing, corroborating the persistence of social inequalities. In addition, the number of social housing delivered over the last 55 years has shown to be very low against the housing deficit registered in Caicó.