Análise expandida da atuação dos burocratas de nível de rua na implementação do programa de aquisição de alimentos em universidades federais

Abstract

The objective of this thesis is to analyze the results of the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) based on the phenomenon of purchases by Brazilian universities based on the content of public calls and the performance of street-level bureaucrats. The thesis is structured in two main articles and two articles in the appendices developed to theoretically and analytically support research. The first article attempts to evaluate the implementation of PAA-CI in Brazilian federal universities in order to verify the interlocutions between public calls and purchases made by federal universities and the objectives listed in the logical model from the indicators contained therein. It is qualitative research, with an analysis of secondary data (public calls and respective results). The second text deepens the empirical understandings of the PAA-CI, aiming to analyze the performance of street-level bureaucrats in the implementation of the Program with the purpose of categorizing variables and applications of a structural, relational, and individual action nature based on the execution of the Purchase modality. Institutional by Brazilian universities. It originates in primary data collection at two Brazilian federal universities to compose a multiple case study. The data analysis, in this, counted with the aid of the Atlas.ti software. The first article in the appendix analyzes forms of intergovernmental relations in the PAA in the period 2012-2019, using Wright (1998) and Pierson (1995) as the theoretical lens. The second article systematizes theoretical premises that support the PAA, in the Institutional Purchase modality, through the Logical Model methodology, in order to describe articulations between actions, products, and expected results of public policy and delimit an evaluation model. Based on the evaluation model created from the logical framework, the first article identified that only 30% (n = 63) of Brazilian federal universities purchased food from family farming through PAA-CI until 2019. In this sense, this thesis highlights problems related to public calls, such as inconsistencies in the definition of product prices, logistics, and delivery periodicity, impairing the effectiveness of both the public call instrument in public procurement of food and the Program itself, with regard to its objectives properly recovered in the logical model. The second article reports behavioral elements - related to the fulfillment of legal criteria, of a structural nature - and discretionary elements, with a relational nature and individual action that reveal the autonomy of street-level bureaucrats in the implementation of the PAA-CI. It was found that the effectiveness of public policies such as the PAA, elaborated at the federal level, depends, to a large extent, on their articulation and compliance at the local level, both from federal agencies and from federated entities. When comparing theoretical interpretations and PAA-CI execution in federal universities, based on public calls for proposals and the performance of street-level bureaucrats, performance predicted in the logical model was evaluated and it was defined as the discretionary behavior and local decisions of the bureaucrats can interfere with enforcement and reshape nationally defined policies. The results obtained showed that the elaboration of the menus and, later, of the notices by the bureaucrats, directly affects the sales possibilities of the farmers, that is, the selection of the items contained in the notices is decisive for the success of public calls and politics. However, the analysis does not end with the selection of sales projects. The execution of contracts and the variables that affect the bureaucrats' behavior and discretion are essential to analyze the allocation of resources to family farming and the effectiveness of the policy. The research developed is a topical and relevant topic with regard to the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the results report the effectiveness of government instruments for strengthening family farming, as well as the adherence of these actions to the concrete reality and incorporation of its assumptions by the street-level bureaucrats