Estudo do uso e ocupação das margens no entorno do açude ministro João Alves (Boqueirão) – Parelhas/RN

Abstract

the semiarid region is marked by the absence of regular rainfall, so the containment mechanisms of water resources is a basic need to guarantee the economic and subsistence activities. Thus, bus works of rivers and river channels were carried out to ensure the supply of water populations. how much the micro-region Seridó, it is a geographical and cultural region belonging to the State of Rio Grande do Norte, with an area of 3.825.73 square kilometers, whose territory covers 16 municipalities in which the municipality of Parelhas is located and where human activities develop through the unsustainable management has triggered serious environmental, economic and social problems. It is through these considerations on water resources that the present study aims to analyze the use and occupation of the margins surrounding the weir Minister João Alves (Boqueirão) - Parelhas / RN, and the activities and actions that are contributing to this. To prove the scientific hypothesis of the use and occupation of land, if made the use of SIGs, which are automated systems used to store, analyze and manipulate geographic data to map the area investigated. For the delimitation of the watershed where is the weir Boqueirao, was used image SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) SB-24-Z-B, provided by EMBRAPA. In addition to the delineation of the watershed also made the location of the county seat, the whole process was done with use ArcGIS 10.3 software (academic version). With the results obtained in the research, it was possible to produce cartographic material of the area as well as data which would conclusively prove the types of land use on the banks of the reservoir. The first considerations indicate that there was a significant reduction in water mirror surface Boqueirão 2009-2015. According the table data 01, the reservoir had in 2009, 0.38 (ha) below its flooded maximum area in return by the action of natural and anthropogenic factors, in 2015 the reservoir is just an area of 318.8 (ha) of flooded area, which in numerical data, symbolizes an average reduction of 1007.88 (ha), approximately 24 03% of its capacity. This significant reduction showed that there was an increase of exposed soil area and land use in the surrounding banks of the weir Boqueirão by temporary ativiades. It follows then that, after data collection saw the need of the basement that by General Systems theory provides an integrated analysis of the geographical area, taking into account the interconnections between the physical environment and man, punctuating role of watersheds in social and geographical context.