Efeito de ambientes contrastantes sobre a densidade básica e o incremento médio anual da madeira de clones de Eucalipto

Abstract

The basic density is considered one of the main technological properties of wood and is therefore, referred to as an indicator of quality. It can be influenced by how wood is formed during plant growth, which is determined by the edaphoclimatic conditions of the growth site. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of edaphoclimatic variables from 10 growing sites, distributed in the five regions of Brazil, on the basic density and the average annual increment of the wood of three eucalyptus clones at 4 years of age. To do so, we considered the edaphoclimatic variables (2012 to 2015), which are: precipitation, temperature, water vapor pressure deficit in air and soil water storage capacity and the production variables: basic density and increment annual average. To interpret the results, multivariate statistical analyses were adopted, with canonical correlation techniques, principal components and cluster analysis, in order to verify whether there were influences of each edaphoclimatic variable on the set of production variables, as well as formation of similar groups among each other. It was concluded that precipitation, temperature and vapor pressure deficit were the variables most correlated with the response variables of basic density and average annual increment of wood, whereas the variable water storage capacity in the soil did not correlate with the response-variables. In general, the different growth sites promoted divergent responses on the supply and quality of wood of eucalyptus clones.