A atuação da FIFA na promoção dos direitos humanos no território dos países sede das Copas do Mundo de Futebol

Abstract

The present research deals with the role and practice of FIFA in promoting Human Rights in the territory of the host countries at the entity´s main megaevent, the men´s football World Cup. FIFA, as an International Non-Governmental Organization, acts directly in the territory of the States chosen as hosts, using its influence to impose demands on them, related to the high standards of its megaevent. However, during the tournament´s preparation period and its occurrence, several problems of Human Rights violations are exposed. In this regard, FIFA, which in its Statute, shows compromise to the respect promotion of internationally recognized Human Rights, has the ability to use its influence through the World Cup, to leverage the guarantees of Human Rights in the host countries. Thus, the present research intends to contribute to the study of the role of NGOs in the promotion of Human Rights and to the academic research related to the World Cup, delimiting itself to the subject of Human Rights. In this context, the aim of the work is to explain the structure of FIFA and the World Cup and the legal relationship between the organization and the host State; identify FIFA´s Human Rights Policy and its role in this matter; and through the analysis of the cases that expose the violation of these rights, related to the megaevents that occurred from 2010 to 2022, analyze the role of FIFA in promoting Human Rights in the territories of the Nations where the megaevent takes place. The present research is descriptive, with the use of the logical-deductive method, by literature review and documentary research, through legal norms and guidelines of States, NGOs and International Organizations. In Summary, the research results identified that FIFA, through the measures established in its new HR Policy, showed its capability to use its influence and leverage promote a positive legacy of Human Rights in the host countries of the megaevents. In conclusion, it is analyzed that FIFA, since the period of the preparation for the 2018 World Cup, has started to develop practices consistent with its commitment to promoting Human Rights through megaevents, even though there is potential for greater impacts.