Qualidade do sono e estado nutricional de pacientes reais crônicos no pré e pós-transplante renal

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease is characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of kidney function from an illness or after an acute renal failure, may cause sleep problems and impairing the nutritional status. The quality of bad sleep is present among 80% of renal patients and can affect immunity, cognitive functions and emotional manifestations. Already nutritional changes are related to poor nutrient intake, catabolism, uremia, endocrinological disorders and electrolyte balance. Because of the complications mentioned, we evaluated the variables sleep quality and nutritional status of patients with chronic kidney disease before and after renal transplantation in a university hospital of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. The study included 10 patients and applied the sociodemographic questionnaire and for control over the variables, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. To evaluate the quality of sleep was used Sleep Quality Index of Pittsburgh, the Journal Sleep, Sleepiness Scale Epworth and Hábiots Sleep Questionnaire; for sleep disorders Sleep Disorder Screening Questionnaire and the assessment of nutritional status Nutritional Subjective Global Assessment Modified, food surveys and laboratory tests. In pre-renal transplantation was associated symptoms of anxiety with insomnia, narcolepsy and restless legs syndrome (RLS); the use of sleep medications with narcolepsy and SPI. In post-renal transplant, apnea was associated with anxiety and the use of medications to sleep; insomnia and narcolepsy with diabetes and hipoteiroidismo. The weight was related to sleep latency, quality of sleep and naps; BMI and waist circumference with sleep latency. It was concluded that, after renal transplantation, there was significant improvement in quality of sleep, and reduction of the target symptoms of sleep disorders. The general nutritional status has also improved, as well as protein-energy contribution.