Obtenção e caracterização de novos sistemas coloidais a base de óleos das espécies vegetais de Azadirachta indica e Copaifera e suas avaliações como inibidores de corrosão em meio salino

Abstract

The corrosion inhibition efficiency of colloidal systems based on vegetable oils such as Azadirachta indica A. Juss (SMEOAI) and Copaifera L. (SMECO) were evaluated by electrochemical techniques. The colloidal formulations SMEOAI and SMECO were analyzed in different concentrations (5 ppm - 150 ppm) in the corrosion of AISI 1018 steel in corrosive saline medium (3.5% NaCl solution). The hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the leaves of A. indica (EAI) was loaded in the colloidal system SMEOAI and then applied as a green corrosion inhibitor. The SMEOAI system was prepared by using Tween® 80 as surfactant, A. indica oil (OAI) as the oil phase and bidistilled water (as a neutral aqueous phase). The SMEOAI system satisfactorily loaded the EAI extract providing a derivative formulation so called SMEOAI-EAI. Similarly, the SMECO system was prepared by using Tween® 80, copaiba oil (CO), and bidistilled water. The formation of Winsor IV microemulsion region (WIV) on both systems (SMEOAI and SMECO) was evidenced through the construction of the ternary phase diagrams. The colloidal systems characterizations were performed by using the following analyzes: determination of the refractive index, rheological behavior, surface tension and droplet diameter. The coloidal formulations SMEOAI and SMEOAI-EAI were analyzed by using electrochemical techniques of linear polarization resistance (LPR) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Meanwhile, SMECO system was only analyzed by using the LPR method. Comparatively, the SMECO system (100 ppm) showed the lowest corrosion inhibition efficiency (77.15%), followed by SMEOAI (25 ppm) which showed median inhibition (79.28%) and the maximum inhibition efficiency (91.79%) was found to the SMEOAI-EAI (50 ppm) system, justified by the presence of the EAI extract in the loading system SMEOAI. For all of those green inhibitors systems the antioxidant effect was analyzed by using in vitro experiments and the best result was found to SMEOAI-EAI system. For that analysis it was applied: total antioxidant capacity, 18.74% (SMEOAI) and 36.14% (SMEOAI-EAI); reducing power, 56.34% (SMEOAI) and 290.49% (SMEOAI-EAI); iron ion chelation, 58.97% (SMEOAI) and 51.29% (SMEOAI-EAI); sequestration of hydroxyl radicals, 60.16% (SMEOAI) and 87.33% (SMEOAI-EAI). The observed percentage divergences were related to the different antioxidative mechanisms of each applied model, as well as the presence of the A. indica extract (EAI) in the SMEOAI-EAI system. The colloidal system prepared with copaiba oil (SNECO) showed the lower effect 47.89% in the analysis of reducing power. Meanwhile, for this system a higher result (72.92%) was evidenced in the sequestration of hydroxyl radicals analysis. The green corrosion inhibitors SMEOAI, SMEOAI-EAI and SMECO are biodegradable and due to the wide use of these plants, may arouse the interest of the industrial sector focusing some different possible applications such as: bio-insecticides, biological drug carriers, waste water purifiers, effluents, oil recovery agents, among other applications.