Antenas compactas e miniaturizadas para sistemas de comunicações sem fio e nanossatélites do padrão cubesat

Abstract

Over the last few years, wireless communications systems have tended to reduce size and dimensions, which implies a growing demand for miniaturization of radio frequency transmission and reception devices, equipments and systems. Modern nanosatellite technology also brings this trend to the space industry. In this work, the study of the combined use of miniaturization techniques of planar microstrip antennas is carried out, in order to achieve a reduction in size and dimensions superior to that obtained when applied alone. The specific goal is the design and building of prototypes of miniaturized antennas as a proposal to be applied in nanosatellites. The miniaturization techniques used in combination are the fractal geometries, reshape of patch and shorting post. In designs, results of antenna miniaturization were achieved in 70% for Wi-Fi applications and 60% for nanosatellite applications of the CubeSat standard. The algorithm Social Spider Optmization (SSO) was used to optimize specific parameters of the studied structures. Prototypes of the designed antennas were constructed and measured results showed a good agreement with the simulated results. A set of prototypes of miniaturized antennas are proposed to be applied in the CubeSats of the CONASAT Project of the National Institute for Space Research.