A influência da vizinhança das escolas sobre o desempenho dos alunos de ensino fundamental em Natal

Abstract

This paper aims to understand if there is any relation between schools location in Natal and the performance of students. To this end, a neighborhood index was built based on the principal component analysis of a selection of sociodemographic and infrastructure variables in the city of Natal, taken from the 2010 census and organized by census sector. Then the merge between the census sector index and elementary schools location was made, to then analyze the possible existence of a correlation between the quality of the school's neighborhood and the average performance of their students from 2011 to 2012, measured through school performance indexes: pass rate, failure rate, dropout rate, and age-grade distortion rate. The results of the analyzes shows that there were no significant correlation between the neighborhood of the school and the performance of students in public schools. Among private schools, there was a correlation between the quality of the school's neighborhood and the performance of students only in the early years for the pass and fail rates.