Síntese e caracterização de novo antioxidante fenólico derivado da biomassa da castanha de caju (LCC-técnico) para biodiesel por método eletroanalítico

Abstract

Most of the energy consumed in the world is derived from fossil fuels such as coal and oil, making it limited. Energy is the fundamental basis of human activities. Be they domestic, commercial, industrial, food production or agriculture. And, according to the environmental view point it is necessary to reduce consumption of fossil fuels and increased use of alternative fuels. Soon, biodiesel appears as promising substitute for fossil fuels, being a biofuel derived from oil or animal fats composed of alkyl esters that can replace all or part diesel engines in ciclodiesel. However, when oil derivative is susceptible to oxidative degradation by heat mediated reactions, and traces of metals, especially in the presence of oxygen. Today, most of all biodiesel is derived from soybean in Brazil, which has on average 55% linoleic acid (18:2) and 7.5% linolenic acid (18:3) in its composition, degrading the biofuel. This work is a study of antioxidants derived from cashew nut liquid - technical CNSL, aiming to use them directly as antioxidants in biodiesel in order to improve their stability to oxidation. We carried out the extraction of the components of technical CNSL and electrochemical synthesis of the antioxidant pathway, which were later confirmed using techniques FT-IR, NMR 1H, GC-MS, electrochemical and TG. The results show that antioxidants are low production costs, biodiesel-soluble, have high thermal stability at around 220°C as well as high thermo-oxidative stability, the Rancimat performed with higher potential induction 7h, making promising and effective options to be used as additives for biofuels. Through the electrochemical techniques, it was found that the material exhibits an irreversible adsorption on the platinum electrode used. In addition to an anodic peak in the first scan and even an irreversible oxidation with a characteristic potential of antioxidant activity in about +0,6V and +1,0V.