Resiliência e apego materno-fetal em gestantes adolescentes

Abstract

Pregnancy during adolescence happens when the girls are going through a lot of changes, some transformations come from their age, others from pregnancy. Both can generate the need for reorganization of perception and relation with your own body, with aspects of their identity, as well as the need to rethink their life projects. In this way, it is a critical moment for the adolescents development since intrapsychic and interpersonal adaptations are necessary to enable psychic growth or its deterioration. The resilience - the ability of the individual to face and overcome an adverse situation, coming out strengthened or transformed from that experience - can make it easier for young women to access resources to face the changes brought by pregnancy. The way the pregnant woman faces this moment is able to influence the connection with the baby and possibly the investment she will make to suply the physical and emotional needs of the child, influencing child development. Due to these questions, the objective is to investigate the correlation between resilience and maternal-fetal attachment in a pregnant teenager. 77 pregnant teenagers who performed prenatal care at the Basic Health Units of the Southern District, in the city of Natal participated in this research. They answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic and gestational data; the Resilience Scale, and the Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale. For the data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using data processing software (SPSS). The results indicate a predominance of moderate levels of resilience (51.9%) and average maternal-fetal attachment (88.3%) among the pregnant women interviewed. Regarding the correlation between these two constructs (R = 0.397, p = 0.000), we identified that it was positive, statistically significant and weak, in addition to being indicative of a bidirectional influence. These results point to the presence of skills to deal with the challenges posed by pregnancy and the establishment of the mother-baby bond.