masterThesis
Avaliação do desenvolvimento infantil e a influência dos fatores biopsicossociais em crianças com cardiopatia congênita
Fecha
2015-04-27Registro en:
MARI, Mariana Alievi. Avaliação do desenvolvimento infantil e a influência dos fatores biopsicossociais em crianças com cardiopatia congênita. 2015. 100f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) - Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2015.
Autor
Mari, Mariana Alievi
Resumen
Child development is the result of the interaction of biological, psychological and social
factors. Hostile environment, income, offered stimuli, as well as the presence of a
chronic illness are issues that may interfere significantly. Considering the chronic
diseases, we can identify congenital heart disease (CHD) is characterized by anatomical
heart defects and functional and currently has presented an incidence of up to 1% of the
population of live births. This research aimed to evaluate child development and verify
an association with the commitment by biopsychosocial factors of children with and
without CHD. Study participants were children from zero to six years, divided into three
groups: Group1- 29 children pre-surgical congenital heart disease, Group2- 43 children
post-surgical cardiac patients and Group3- 56 healthy children. The instruments used
were a biopsychosocial questionnaire and the Screening Test Denver II. Of the total of
128 children evaluated, 66 (51.56%) are girls, and ages ranged from two months to six
years (median 24.5 months). In G1 and G2 predominated acyanotic heart disease
(55.2% and 58.1%). Regarding the Denver II reviews, children with heart disease had
more development ratings "suspicious" and "suspect/abnormal", and 41.9% of children
who have gone through surgery had characterized its development as
"suspect/abnormal" . In the group of healthy children 53.6% were classified as
developmental profile "normal" (p = ˂0,0001). On the areas of Denver II, among
children with heart disease was greatest change in motor areas (p = 0.016, p = ˂0,001).
The biopsychosocial variables that were related to a possible developmental delay were
gender (p = 0.042), child's age (p = 0.0001) and income per capita (p = 0.019). There
were no associations between the variables related to the treatment of disease,
information, understanding of the disease and the way parents treat their children. In the
group of healthy children showed that children who underwent hospitalization rates
were more changes in development (p = 0.025) and the higher the number of admissions
over these changes have intensified (p = 0.023). The results suggest that children with
congenital heart disease have likely delayed development. It was also observed that
there is a significant difference between the children who have gone through surgery,
those who are still waiting for surgery only doing clinical follow-up. Changes in the
development are more connected motor areas can be explained by the characteristic
features of the disease and treatment, such as dyspnea, fatigue, care and limitations in
daily activities. The gender and age appear to be decisive in the development as well as
healthy children go through hospitalization experience. Already in children with heart
disease, it was realized that social variables involved in the disease and the treatment
did not affect the development. This question can be understood by means of protective
factors and resiliency, as this population receives family and social support.