Triboquímica: interação de insertos metálicos roscados metal-osso maxilar

Abstract

Dental implants are material supports and structures biocompatible surgically positioned into the maxillary bone beneath the gums to replace tooth roots, ensuring structurally teeth substitutes after the loss of teeth. We have developed an approach in the laboratory to analyze the mechanical response of a metallic screw implanted in an inanimate jaw bone of a pig about twelve months of age and immersed in a fluid at three pH conditions: acidic, basic and neutral. A mechanical stress cyclic circumferential contact to simulate a unidirectional masticatory process was used to investigate the dimensional stability of the screw-bone junction in the number of cycles under load. After the tests on the presence of acidic, basic or neutral solution, it analyzed the porous structure of the pig maxillary bone and screw head subjected to metal-to-metal contact through MEV and EDS microanalysis. The results of tribochemical requests the screw-bone junction showed in the screw head, the occurrence of abrasive wear with bow training with the presence of debris and bone, damage by brittle fracture in the presence of microcracks in the midst of their inherent porosity. The wear rates of mass loss of undoing screw after each test showed surprisingly are lower when resulting from tests with acidic and basic solution, as were higher wear rates of the tested screws in the middle of a neutral solution. The contact heated in a band ranging from 0,5oC to 16,5oC above room temperature. Therefore, attributed to the acid action of the fluid heated by the friction between the contacts on the metal bolt the formation of a passivated nanolayer responsible for the lowest measured wear. The overall vibration velocity was higher during the running in, up to 104 cycles, than in steady-state tests, between 104 and 105 cycles, when the contact already configures as conformal. SPL [dB] Sound Pressure Level followed this trend. The pH of the acid fluid continued before and after the test, although there is migrated from 2 at the beginning, 4 at the end. The rest remained unchanged.