Influência do extrato pirolenhoso na germinação de sementes de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the germination and seed development of Brachiaria britzantha cv. Piatan soaked in different concentrations and times of Pyroligneous Extract (EP). The experiment was conducted at the Seed Analysis Laboratory located at the Specialized Academic Unit in Agricultural Sciences (UAECIA). The carbonization was performed in a mini rectangular oven with vertical smoke burner. The crude product was bi-distilled at the Wood Technology Laboratory, also located in UAECIA, in a stainless steel retort-type distiller. The treatments consisted of 5 PE concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%) and different hours of immersion (1, 4, 8, 16 and 24 hours). For the preparation of EP concentrations the ratio of 1: 100 V / V of pyroligneous extract and distilled water was used. Germination tests, first germination count, emergency test, emergency speed index and cold test were performed. Statistical analysis was performed by Design Expert® Version 7.0.0 (Stat-Ease, USA). A factor analysis was performed using 2 factors, where each response is related to two variables, in this case, time and concentration. The germination species Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã was influenced by both the concentration of the EP and the time it remained immersed. There was a lower germination rate of the species, specifically at a concentration of 20% immersed during 24 hours. The treatment with the highest IVG and LVI and the fastest emergence in the field was the control, without the addition of PE, however, the IVG was more influenced by the different concentrations than by the time spent exposed. In the treatment with 5% of PE, during 18 hours of immersion, 60% of seeds emerged, while the treatment using 20% of EP, during 4 hours of immersion, showed more than 70% of germination at low temperatures. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Pyroligneous Extract acted as a germinative stimulator of Brachiaria brizantha cv Piatã species