| dc.description.abstract | Over the years, greater attention has been paid to the health of the child population, so that the
major causes of mortality and morbidity, observed in children under one year of age, are for
reasons considered avoidable by Primary Health Care. factors that contribute to the reduction
of these values and, consequently, improvement of health care are family income, fertility
level, mothers' education and environmental conditions, and the quality of health care can be
evaluated by infant mortality due to causes avoidable. Thus, it emerged to the motivation to
ascertain the situation of Brazil. The present research sought to analyze the spatial distribution
of infant morbidity and mortality in the period from 2000 to 2015 in Brazil. It is an ecological
study of temporal trend with spatial correlation, using data from DATASUS, through the
Hospital Information System and Information System in Mortality, from 2000 to 2015,
collected in the period from January to April 2017. The dependent variables of the study are
hospitalizations and mortality in children under one year, and the independent, causes of
illness, Human Development Index, income, schooling and coverage of basic care. For
statistical analysis, we used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences through the study
of mean, median, standard deviation, student t test and chi-square, using a 95% Confidence
Interval and in TerraView and GeoDa spatial analysis. When the average Mortality Rate was
evaluated, there was a reduction in the average between the first (100.87), the second fiveyear
period (82.42) and the third of 83.25. There was a high Infant Mortality Rate in the North
and Northeast regions. When correlated with the independent variables, it presented Clusters
in the Northeast, Midwest, Southeast and South regions. When the Hospital Admission Rate
was evaluated, it was observed that between the first (66.89) and second (53.38) five years
there was a decrease in the averages and an increase in the third (56.79) five-year period. The
major causes of Infant Mortality were: Some conditions originating in the perinatal period
with (57.3%), Congenital malformations, deformities and chromosomal anomalies, Some
infectious and parasitic diseases (6.1%), Symptoms, signs and abnormal examination findings
(5.9%) and Diseases of the respiratory system (5.8%). The major causes of hospitalization
were: respiratory diseases (33.7%), some conditions originating in the perinatal period
(31.9%), some infectious and parasitic diseases (17.1%), diseases of the digestive system %)
and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (2.1%). When correlated with coverage of
Primary Care and Childcare consultations Clusters were observed in the Midwest, South and
Southeast regions. The results of this investigation showed that the independent variables
interfere in the health-disease process in common areas. This suggests a greater attention to
the policies implemented and a specific planning in order to modify the reality of the data
presented here and guarantee a qualified child care. | |
